Severe Asthma / COPD Crash Airway

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Airway situation

Severe Asthma / COPD Crash Airway

Obstructive physiology is an oxygenation and ventilation problem before it is a tube problem. The dangerous post-tube complications are air trapping, dynamic hyperinflation, hypotension, and dyssynchrony.

asthmaCOPDobstructive physiologyauto-PEEP

Clinical-use limit: Educational resource and cognitive-aid guide only; not a bedside order set or substitute for local protocol, medical direction, or clinical judgment.

Before intubation

  • Maximize bronchodilators, steroids, magnesium/adjuncts, NIV when appropriate, and hemodynamic preparation before paralysis.
  • Pre-brief the ventilator strategy before tube passage: low rate, long expiratory time, permissive hypercapnia when appropriate, and auto-PEEP vigilance.
  • Stage suction, BVM/PEEP, waveform capnography, and a rescue plan for deterioration after positive-pressure ventilation.

During intubation

  • Avoid rapid aggressive bagging that worsens breath stacking.
  • Use the most skilled first attempt; minimize apnea while preserving first-pass success.
  • After a failed attempt, oxygenate and change a meaningful variable rather than repeating the same plan.

After intubation

  • Set obstructive-physiology ventilator priorities: lower RR, adequate flow, long expiratory time, and waveform review.
  • If hypotension occurs with high pressures, disconnect briefly and hand-ventilate while evaluating auto-PEEP, pneumothorax, tube obstruction, and shock.
  • Continue sedation/analgesia and bronchodilator therapy; call RT/ICU early.

Common pitfalls

  • Ventilating like a normal lung.
  • Treating high pressures only by increasing sedation without evaluating auto-PEEP or pneumothorax.
  • Paralyzing without a plan for post-intubation sedation and obstructive ventilation.

Related resources

Interactive airway situationsVentilator calculatorsOn-shift rescue

References and anchors

ACEP adult ED intubation clinical policyACEP rapid-sequence intubation policy statementACEP mechanical ventilation policy statement

Educational resource only. Use institutional protocols, local policy, and bedside clinical judgment. This site is not a substitute for supervised clinical training or emergency care guidance.